The Kalamazoo County Sheriff's Office's Law Enforcement Division is divided into two sections, the Uniformed Services Section and the Criminal Investigations Section.

The uniformed Services Section is staffed by 47 officers and 3 civilian support staff positions. The Uniformed Services Section has the responsibility for general police patrol activities and responds to approximately 35,000 call for service annually. Law enforcement activities include traffic law enforcement, traffic crash investigations, criminal law enforcement, crime scene investigations, peace officer duties, as well as civil law enforcement. The patrol force is the primary law enforcement agency for 14 townships covering approximately 502 square miles and 1,200 miles of county roads as well as 100 miles of state highways that traverse Kalamazoo County.

The Uniformed Services Section also maintains a part time marine patrol which has the responsibility to patrol the 94 lakes within Kalamazoo County.

The Criminal Investigation Section is staffed by 10 non-uniformed officers and 3 civilian support staff positions. The criminal Investigation Section has the responsibility to conduct lengthy and involved investigations involving personal and property criminal law violations as well as fugitive apprehensions.